cyF fz;l kpfTk; nfh^ukhd gaq;futhj mikg;ghf vy; up up < ,Ug;gNjhL> mij Njhy;tpailar; nra;tjw;F cyfpd; MjuTk; Njitg;gLfpwJ vd;gij ehd; $wNtz;bAs;sJ. cyfpy; kdpj tho;Tf;F kjpg;gspf;fTk; rdehafj;ij cWjpg;gLj;jTk; ,yq;if ,e;j gaq;futhjf; FOTld; jdpahf epd;W NghuhLfpd;wJ vd;gNj vdJ fUj;jhFk; vd xf;];Nghu;l; xd;wpaj;jpy; New;W (13) ciuahw;wpa rdhjpgjp k`p;e;j uh[gf;\ njuptpj;jhu;.

vy;.up.up.<. f;F vjpuhd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; ehk; Njhy;tpailNthkhdhy; gaq;fu thjj;jpw;nfjpuhd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; cyF Njhy;tpaile;JtpLk;. rdehafk; ghjpf;fg;gl;L tpLk;. ,JNt cz;ikahFk; vd rdhjpgjp ,q;F njuptpj;jhu;.

,yq;ifapd; ngUk;ghyhd kf;fs; thOfpd;w fpuhkg;gFjpfis tYT+l;Ltjpy; murhq;fj;jpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;LtUfpd;w midj;Jk; mlq;fpa mgptpUj;jp cghaKiwapd; gpujhd gz;Gfis rdhjpgjp jdJ ciuapy; tpupthf vLj;Jf;$wpdhu;.

vkJ mgptpUj;jp ce;Jif mjw;Nf cupa gy;NtW jilfisf; nfhz;bUg;gJ Jujp\;ltrkhdjhFk;. ,jd; gpujhd mr;RWj;jy; nfhba gaq;futhjpfspd; mr;RWj;jyhFk;. mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; ehL vd;wtifapy; ,jdhy; ehk; ngUk; ,og;Gf;F Kfq;nfhLf;f Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ. fhl;L;kpuhz;bj;jdkhd jw;nfhiyj; jhf;Fjy;fSf;F vjpuhf cyfk; mjd; xd;wpize;j Fuiy vOg;gp> mjd; jPu;khdj;ij ntspg;gLj;j Ntz;ba fhyk; te;Jtpl;lJ. vd rdhjpgjp NkYk; njuptpj;jhu;.

rdhjpgjpapd; G+uz ciuAk; tUkhW:-

,e;j rpwg;GkpF re;ju;g;gj;jp;y; ,d;iwa jpdk; cq;fs; kj;jpapy; ciuahw;wf; fpilj;jikia ehd; ngUk;Nguhff; fUJfpd;Nwd;. ,r;re;ju;g;gj;ij mspj;jikf;F j;pU. byhd; ngu;zhe;J mtu;fSf;Fk; xf;];Nghu;l; xd;wpaj;jpw;Fk; ehd; ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf;nfhs;fpNwd;. ,jw;FKd;du; ,q;F gy rpwg;Gg; Ngr;rhsu;fs; ciuahw;wpapUf;fpd;wdu;. mtu;fspd; Ngr;rhw;wYld; vd;id xg;gpl KbahJ. vdpDk; jw;NghJ vdJ ehl;Lf;F kpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk;tha;e;j xU tplak; Fwpj;J ehd; ciuahw;w ehLfpNwd;.

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ehk; gpwe;J tsu;e;Js;s vkJ ehlhd ,yq;ifapd; fyhrhuk; fpuhkpa kuGfSld; gpd;dpg;gpize;jjhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. vkJ fyhrhuk; gy;ypd> gy;kj> gd;nkhop gz;Gfspdhy; nropg;ghdjhf fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,yq;ifapd; fyhrhuk; ngsj;j kjj;jpdhy; nropg;Gkpf;fnjhd;whf ,Ug;gNjhL gpd;du; mJ ,e;J> ,];yhk;> fpwp];jtk; Nghd;w kjq;fspd; nry;thf;ifAk; nfhz;ljhf mike;Js;sJ. md;G> fUiz> rfpg;Gj;jd;ik vd;gd Kf;fpa cstpay;;rhu; Nfhl;ghLfshf cs;sd. mit tho;f;ifapd; epr;rakw;w epiyikfspD}Nl vk;ik tsg;gLj;jpg; Nghrpf;fpd;wd.

vkJ kuGuPjpahd “MANghtd;” vd;gJ - ePq;fs; ePz;lfhyk; thOq;fs;> vkJ r%fk; midj;J [PtuhrpfSf;Fk; ftdk; nrYj;jl;Lk; vd;w mu;j;jj;ijf; nfhz;ljhf cs;sJ. cyfpy; Kjd;Kjyhf kpUfq;fSf;F itj;jparhiyia mikj;j ehL ,yq;ifahf ,Uf;fyhk;. cyfpy; jkJ Ml;rpiaAk; nry;tj;ijAk; ntspf;fhl;Ltjw;F Ml;rpahsu;fs; ngUk; khspiffisAk; Nfhl;ilfisAk; mikj;jNghJ vkJ kd;du;fs; ghupa ePu;j;Njf;fq;fs;> jhq;fpfs; vd;gtw;iw mikj;J> kf;fSf;F epiyahd tho;thjhuj;ij cWjpg;gLj;jp> czT cw;gj;jpiag; ghJfhg;gjw;fhf mtw;Wf;F ePu;g;ghrdq;fis toq;fpdu;. ,d;Wk; ehk; gad;gLj;Jfpd;w vdJ ehl;bd; %d;W ngUk; khfhzq;fspy; gue;Js;s mit vkJ gz;ila Ml;rpahsu;fspd; ghupa ghuk;gupaj;ijf; fhl;Lfpd;w ePu;g;ghrd tiyg;gpd;dyhf fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

fpuhkpa r%fj;jpd; tskhd tho;Tf;fhf Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l ,e;j jdpg;ngUk; ePu;g;ghrd ehfuPfk; etPd cyfj;jpw;F mjpfk; toq;ff;$ba jj;Jtj;ij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. fhLfs;> MWfs;> rKj;jpuq;fs;> #oy; vd;gtw;wpy; jq;fpAs;s vkJ tho;tpd; G+uz cupikia ehk; nfhz;ltu;fshf ,y;iy vd;gij ngsj;j kjk; vkf;Fg; Nghjpj;jpUf;fpd;wJ. xt;nthU guk;giuAk; #oiy ek;gpf;ifapd; mbg;gilapy; ngWfpd;wdh;. mjd;%yNk J\;gpuNahfk; jLf;fg;gl KbAk;. vkJ flik ahnjdpy; vjpu;fhy re;jjpapdUf;F mij jPq;fw;wjhf ifaspg;gjhFk;.

,d;Wk;$l 77 tPjkhd vkJ kf;fs; fpuhkg;Gwq;fspNyNa tho;fpd;wdu;. ,jw;fhd fhuzk; mq;Fs;s ftu;r;rpfshFk;. ehDk;$l ,aw;if moFkpf;f tptrhaf; fpuhkk; xd;wpypUe;Nj te;jpUf;fpNwd;. ehd; ,ijapl;L ngUik milfpNwd;. vkJ fpuhkq;fspd; ftu;r;rp> nghUshjhu %ytsq;fs;> gr;irgNrnyd;w jd;ik vd;gtw;wpdhy; khj;jpukd;wp kuG uPjpahd fyhrhu. fiy> kj> capu;r;#oy; gd;ikj;Jtk; vd;gdtw;iwAk; cs;slf;fpajhFk;. ,itNa vkJ kf;fis efuj;jpw;F efu;tijtpl;Lk; jLf;fpd;wJ. gy;;NtW Mrpa efuq;fisr; #o;e;Js;s tWikapd; mNfhuk; ,yq;ifiaj; jhf;ftpy;iy.

vkJ gz;ila Ml;rpahsu;fsplkpUe;J ngw;Wf;nfhz;l ftdpg;Gkpf;f kNdhepiyapdhy; ehk; etPd rdehafj;ij ,yFthf ifahsf;$bajhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ,yq;if gpupj;jhdpa fhyzpj;Jtj;jpd; fPo; ,Uf;Fk;NghNj cyfshtpa thf;Fupikia 1931 ,y; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJ. gpupj;jhdpah ,e;j me;j];ij 1926 Mk; Mz;bNyNa ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJ. md;wpypUe;J ,yq;ifapy; ehk; rdehaf epWtdq;fis mgptpUj;jp nra;J> gyg;gLj;jptUfpNwhk;. vkJ rdehafj;jpd; mbg;gilahf murpay; gd;ikj;Jtk; ,Ue;J tUfpd;wJ. vkJ ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; gy;NtW murpay; fUj;Jf;fis gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; NtWgl;l murpay; fl;rpfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j gd;ikj;Jtk; ,yq;if murpaiy jdpj;Jtkhdjhf tsg;gLj;jpAs;sJ.

rpq;fs> ngsj;j ngUk;ghd;ikapduhy; murhq;fk; njupT nra;ag;gl;lNghjpYk; mJ rpq;fs> jkpo;> K];ypk; r%fq;fis cs;slf;fp ehl;bYs;s midj;J kjf;FOf;fisAk; nfhz;l $l;lzpnahd;whf fhzg;gLfpwJ. cyfpy; NtW ve;j rdehafj;jpYk; ,jw;F xj;j murhq;fq;fis ePq;fs; fhz;gJ mupjhf ,Uf;;fyhk;. vkJ gyk;kpf;f ghuhSkd;w Kiwik ePjpj;Jiw> RahjPdkhd Clfk; vd;gd Fwpj;J ehd; ngUikg;gLfpNwd;. rpy Clfq;fspy; vd; kPJ jhf;Fjy; njhLf;fhJ ve;jnthUehSk; fle;Jnry;tjpy;iy vd;gij ehd; cWjpahff; $Wfpd;Nwd;. ru;tNjr uPjpahd juhjuq;fisf; iff;nfhs;sTk; I.eh> rh;tNjr njhopyhsh; mikg;G> nghJeytha mikg;G Nghd;w ru;tNjr epWtdq;fSld; ,ize;J nry;yTk; vkJ rf kdpju;fspd; cupikfisg; ghJfhg;gjw;F mikf;fg;gl;l epWtdq;fis gyg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Kaw;rpfspy; gq;Nfw;fTk; ehk; vg;NghJk; jaf;fk; fhl;bajpy;iy.

,yq;if ru;tNjr epWtq;fspYk; ru;tNjr ePjp kd;wj;jpYk; mjd; gzpfspD}lhf ru;tNjr cld;gbf;iffspy; $l;bizf;fg;gl;l Nfhl;ghLfspd; mgptpUj;jpf;F epGzj;Jt uPjpahfg; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;Js;sJ. cyif midtUf;Fk; rpwe;jjhf> cau; juhjuq;fSld; khw;Wtjw;fhd ru;tNjr Kaw;rpfspy; vkJ gq;fspg;ig ehk; vg;NghJk; Mw;wpte;jpUf;fpd;Nwhk;. Vnddpy; ,Jjhd; rupahd tplak; vd mbg;gilapy; ehk; czu;e;jpUf;fpd;Nwhk;. ,J vkJ fyhrhu ghuk;gupaj;jpd; gpujpgypg;ghFk;. cyf Rw;whly; juhjuq;fSf;fhd ,yq;ifapd; cWjpg;ghL fhyj;Jf;Ff; fhyk; ghuhl;lg;gl;bUf;fpd;wJ.

,yq;;ifapy; thOk; ngz;fs; Mz;fSld; rkkhd tha;g;Gf;fis mDgtpf;fpd;wdu;. 60 tPjj;jpw;Fk; Nkw;gl;l vkJ itj;jpau;fs; ngz;fNs. 80 tPj;jpw;Fk; Nkw;gl;l Mrpupau;fs; ngz;fis gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. jhjpapay; njhopy; ngz;fspdhy; Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. rl;lj;JiwapYk; ngz;fs; mjpfupj;j nry;thf;ifr; nrYj;jptUfpd;wdu;. Kd;du; Mz;fs; kl;Lk; nry;thf;F nrYj;jpa Jiwfshd fy;tp> nghwpapay;> fzpdp. msitapay;> fl;blf;fiy Nghd;w JiwfspYk; ngz;fs; ,g;NghJ Eioe;Js;sdu;. ,yq;if 1960 Mk; Mz;by; KjyhtJ ngz; gpujkiu cUthf;fpaJ vd;gijf; $Wtjpy; ehd; ngUkfpo;r;rpailfpd;Nwd;. ,yq;ifapd; kw;WnkhU Kd;dhs; gpujkuhd mtuJ Jizth; jpU v];.lg;.Mh;.b. gz;lhuehaf;f mth;fspd; cUtg;glk; mNj njhq;FfpwJ.

rPkhl;bfNs> fdthd;fNs>
fy;tp kw;Wk; Rfhjhuj; Jiwfspy; ehk; gy jrhg;jq;fshf KjyPL nra;J tUfpd;Nwhk;. cyfpy; kpfcau;e;j fy;tp mwpT tPjj;ij vdJ ehL mDgtpj;JtUfpd;wJ. mNjNtis ehk; eLj;ju tUkhdk; cila mgptpUj;jp mile;JtUk; ehlhf gpupf;fg;gl;bUf;fp;d;N;whk;. 97 tPjkhd vkJ rpWtu;fs; ghlrhiyf; fy;tpiag; ngw;WtUfpd;wdu;. jha;Nra; ,wg;G tPfpjk; gy;NtW mgptpUj;jpaile;j ehLfSf;Fr; rkkhfTs;sJ. midtUf;Fk; ,ytr Rfhjhu ftdpg;G toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ghlrhiyapype;J gy;fiyf;fofk; tiu ,ytrf; fy;tp toq;fg;gLfpwJ. Muk;gf; fy;t;papYk; ,uz;lhk;epiyf; fy;tpapYk; xt;nthU gps;isf;Fk; murhq;fk; ,ytr ghlg; Gj;jfq;fisAk; rPUilfisAk; toq;FfpwJ. gy ghlrhiyfspy; gfy; czT murhq;fj;jpdhy; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. cyfpd; ngUk;ghyhd ,lq;fspy; ,t;thwhd trjpfis gyu; fz;bUf;fkhl;lhu;fs;.

rpWtu;fNs vkJ nrhj;jhFk;. mtu;fs; vkJ vjpu;fhyk; vd;gij ehd; ek;GfpNwd;. rpWtu;fSf;fhf ehk; ghupa KjyPLfisr; nra;Js;Nshk;. ve;jnthU gps;isAk; mjd; rpWtu; guha trjpfspy; ,Ue;J jilnra;ag;glf;$lhnjd vdJ murhq;fk; cWjpahf ek;GfpwJ. rpWtu;fspd;; eyd;fisf; ftdpg;gjw;fhf ehk; jdpahd mikr;ir epWtpapUf;fpNwhk;. vkJ Copag; gilapy; ve;jnthU gps;isAk; Nru;f;fg;gl;ljhf ,y;iy. vkJ MAjg ;gilapy; 18 taJf;Ff; Fiwe;j vtUk; Ml;Nru;f;fg;gl;by;iy. ,jw;F khw;wkhf vy; up up < ,sk;gps;isfspd; gilazpiaf;$l itj;jpUf;fpd;wJ. ,r;rpWtu;fs; mtu;fsJ ,sikf ;fhyj;ij ,oe;Js;sdu;. ,jdhy; mtu;fspy; nfh^uj;jdk; tpijf;fg;gl;L r%fj;jpw;F ngUe;jhjtu;fshf tho;ehs; KOtJk; khw;wg;gl;bUf;fpd;wdu;.

If;fpa ehLfs; kdpj mgptpUj;jpr; Rl;nlz;dpy; ,yq;if cau; juj;ij ngw;wpUg;gNjhL Vw;nfdNt ehk; kpy;Nydpa mgptpUj;jp ,yf;Ffspy; gytw;iw mile;Js;Nshk;;. fle;j khjk; If;fpa ehLfs; mjd; mwpf;ifapy; kNyupah xopg;Gf;fhd nraw;ghl;L;f;fhf ,yq;ifiag; ghuhl;bapUf;fpwJ. vr;ItP kw;Wk; va;l;]; njhw;Wf; nfhz;ltu;fspd; tpfpjk; ,q;F kpfTk; FiwthdjhfNt fhzg;gLfpwJ. kdpj cupikfs;> kdpj Njitfs; vd;gtw;iw ftdpf;fhj ehnlhd;whf vdJ ehl;il tpgupg;gjw;fhd Kaw;rpapd; ru;tNjr uPjpahd gpur;rhuj;jpd; fhuzkhfNt ehd; ,ij ,q;F Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpd;Nwd;. cz;ikapypUe;J mJ kpfTk; J}ukhdJ vd;gij juTfs; Gyg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.

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vdJ Nju;jy; tpQ;Qhgdkhd k`pe;j rpe;jidapy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;lthwhd vkJ mgptpUj;jp khjpup fpuhkpa nghUshjhuj;ij tYg;gLj;Jtij ikakhkff; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. ,e;j Gjpa cgha Kiwapd; Kf;fpa mk;rk; ehlshtpa uPjpapy; etPd cl;fl;likg;ig tpUj;jp nra;J tptrhak;> ifj;njhopy;> epu;khzk;> Rw;Wj;Jiw> rpW kw;Wk; eLj;ju Kaw;rpahz;ikfs;> Nghf;Ftuj;Jr; Nritfs; Nghd;w fpuhkpa nghUshjhuj;jpy; vkJ kf;fSf;F Gjpa tha;g;Gf;fis nfhz;Ltuf;$ba mgptpUj;jpf;fhd mbg;gilfis toq;FtJkhFk;. vkJ cgha KiwahdJ nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; 6 tPjj;jpw;Fk; Nkw;l;gl;l nghJ KjyPLfis mjpfupf;fpd;w uz;njhu – jq;f Eiothapy; vd;w - cl;fl;likg;G Kd;ndLg;Gf;F Mjutopj;J fpuhkpa nghUshjhuj;ij cyf nghUshjhuj;Jld; ,izj;J tsur;rpf;fhd Gjpa tha;g;Gf;fis cUthf;Ftjw;fhd Gjpa JiwKfq;fs;> tYgpwg;ghf;fk;> tpepNahf tiyg;gpd;dy;> ePu;g;ghrdKk; ePu;toq;fy; jpl;lKk; fLfjpg; ghijfSk; tPjp tiyg;gpd;dy;fSk; Nghd;wtw;iw tpUj;jp nra;tij Nehf;fhff; nfhz;Ls;sJ. njw;fhrpahtpy; ,yq;ifia kpspUk; nghUshjhu kj;jpa epiyakhf khw;Wtjw;F fhg;GWjp> fg;gy; njhopy;> tpkhdg;Nghf;Ftuj;J> tu;j;jfk;. Nritf; ifj;njhhop;y; ngw;Nwhypa mfo;T ,it midj;Jf;Fk; Nkyhf Nju;r;rp kw;Wk; mwpTj;Jiwfis Kd;Ndw;Wtjw;F xUq;fpize;j cgha Kiwfs; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd.

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